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Could not connect to SMTP host,PKIX path building failed,unable to find valid certification path...

Category：软件开发 Tag：Java 2018-10-31 Views：383

Java 发邮件时遇到的问题

公司最近将邮件系统进行了升级，升级之后的邮件必须采用邮件加密传输通道。也就是 ssl 登录。

之前写的普通登录也将无法使用。今天在修改程序的过程中出现了一些问题，最终都顺利解决了，记录一下。

登录方式

普通登录

  1.     <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
  2.         <property name="host" value="${mail.smtp.host}" />
  3.         <property name="javaMailProperties">
  4.             <props>
  5.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">${mail.smtp.auth}</prop>
  6.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">${mail.smtp.timeout}</prop>
  7.             </props>
  8.         </property>
  9.         <property name="username" value="${mail.smtp.username}" />
  10.         <property name="password" value="${mail.smtp.password}" />
  11.     </bean>

ssl 登录

  1. <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
  2.         <property name="host" value="${mail.smtp.host}" />
  3.         <property name="port" value="${mail.smtp.port}" />
  4.         <property name="username" value="${mail.smtp.username}" />
  5.         <property name="password" value="${mail.smtp.password}" />
  6.         <property name="javaMailProperties">
  7.             <props>
  8.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">${mail.smtp.timeout}</prop>
  9.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">${mail.smtp.auth}</prop>
  10.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.starttls.enable">${mail.smtp.starttls.enable}</prop>
  11.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.socketFactory.port">${mail.smtp.port}</prop>
  12.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.socketFactory.class">javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory</prop>
  13.                 <prop key="mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback">false</prop>
  14.             </props>
  15.         </property>
  16. </bean>

配置文件

  1. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  2. # 邮件服务的配置
  3. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  4. #服务器
  5. mail.smtp.host=smtp.abc.com
  6. #端口号，QQ邮箱需要使用SSL，端口号465或587，其他邮箱默认的端口号：25
  7. mail.smtp.port=465
  8. #STARTTLS是对纯文本通信协议的扩展。它提供一种方式将纯文本连接升级为加密连接（TLS或SSL）
  9. mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
  10. #是否需要验证密码
  11. mail.smtp.auth=true
  12. #超时时间
  13. mail.smtp.timeout=50000
  14. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  15. # 加解密密钥 不能给出
  16. # 对用户名和密码都进行了加密 加解密工具在DESUtil中
  17. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  18. #登陆用户名 我是随便写的
  19. mail.smtp.username=CBoch2LlydMW2432VYReDe4tjvJRstAmCoE123111
  20. #密码 qq为授权码 111111我是随便写的
  21. mail.smtp.password=avq5JeBiMuNr5F4wclLZZA==

改为 ssl 后遇到的问题

  1. Mail server connection failed; nested exception is javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not connect to SMTP host: smtp.abc.com, port: 465;
  3. nested exception is:
  4. javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target. Failed messages: javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not connect to SMTP host: smtp.abc.com, port: 465;
  6. nested exception is:
  7. javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

错误为：

  1. Could not connect to SMTP host: smtp.abc.com, port: 465
  2. PKIX path building failed
  3. unable to find valid certification path to requested target

其中 1 和 2 是由 3 引起的。

现在问题就是解决。

unable to find valid certification path to requested target

网上有两种解决方案

  1. 安装数字证书
  2. 生成证书

我把公司的数字证书安装后没有解决问题，采用第二种方法解决

参考文献：http://www.tuicool.com/articles/zUjiIb

其中这篇文章中有一个地方在邮件系统中需要注意，url 需要加上端口号。

java_mail_cert_create

看到如下信息表示成功地生成了证书：

java_mail_cert_create_success

将生成的 jssecacerts 文件拷贝到 %JAVA_HONME%\jre\lib\security\ 目录下就ok了。

java_mail_send

附上 InstallCert.java

  1. /*
  2.  * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
  3.  *
  4.  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  5.  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  6.  * are met:
  7.  *
  8.  *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  9.  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10.  *
  11.  *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12.  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13.  *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14.  *
  15.  *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
  16.  *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  17.  *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
  18.  *
  19.  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
  20.  * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
  21.  * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  22.  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
  23.  * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
  24.  * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
  25.  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
  26.  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
  27.  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
  28.  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
  29.  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  30.  */
  32. import java.io.BufferedReader;
  33. import java.io.File;
  34. import java.io.FileInputStream;
  35. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
  36. import java.io.InputStream;
  37. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
  38. import java.io.OutputStream;
  39. import java.security.KeyStore;
  40. import java.security.MessageDigest;
  41. import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
  42. import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
  44. import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
  45. import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
  46. import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
  47. import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
  48. import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
  49. import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
  50. import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
  52. public class InstallCert {
  54.     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  55.         String host;
  56.         int port;
  57.         char[] passphrase;
  58.         if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
  59.             String[] c = args[0].split(":");
  60.             host = c[0];
  61.             port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
  62.             String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
  63.             passphrase = p.toCharArray();
  64.         } else {
  65.             System.out
  66.                     .println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
  67.             return;
  68.         }
  70.         File file = new File("jssecacerts");
  71.         if (file.isFile() == false) {
  72.             char SEP = File.separatorChar;
  73.             File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"
  74.                     + SEP + "security");
  75.             file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
  76.             if (file.isFile() == false) {
  77.                 file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
  78.             }
  79.         }
  80.         System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
  81.         InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
  82.         KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
  83.         ks.load(in, passphrase);
  84.         in.close();
  86.         SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
  87.         TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
  88.                 .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
  89.         tmf.init(ks);
  90.         X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf
  91.                 .getTrustManagers()[0];
  92.         SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
  93.         context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
  94.         SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();
  96.         System.out
  97.                 .println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
  98.         SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
  99.         socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
  100.         try {
  101.             System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
  102.             socket.startHandshake();
  103.             socket.close();
  104.             System.out.println();
  105.             System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
  106.         } catch (SSLException e) {
  107.             System.out.println();
  108.             e.printStackTrace(System.out);
  109.         }
  111.         X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
  112.         if (chain == null) {
  113.             System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
  114.             return;
  115.         }
  117.         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
  118.                 System.in));
  120.         System.out.println();
  121.         System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
  122.         System.out.println();
  123.         MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
  124.         MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
  125.         for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
  126.             X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
  127.             System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "
  128.                     + cert.getSubjectDN());
  129.             System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
  130.             sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
  131.             System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
  132.             md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
  133.             System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
  134.             System.out.println();
  135.         }
  137.         System.out
  138.                 .println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
  139.         String line = reader.readLine().trim();
  140.         int k;
  141.         try {
  142.             k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
  143.         } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
  144.             System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
  145.             return;
  146.         }
  148.         X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
  149.         String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
  150.         ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
  152.         OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
  153.         ks.store(out, passphrase);
  154.         out.close();
  156.         System.out.println();
  157.         System.out.println(cert);
  158.         System.out.println();
  159.         System.out
  160.                 .println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
  161.                         + alias + "'");
  162.     }
  164.     private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
  166.     private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
  167.         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
  168.         for (int b : bytes) {
  169.             b &= 0xff;
  170.             sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
  171.             sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
  172.             sb.append(' ');
  173.         }
  174.         return sb.toString();
  175.     }
  177.     private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
  179.         private final X509TrustManager tm;
  180.         private X509Certificate[] chain;
  182.         SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
  183.             this.tm = tm;
  184.         }
  186.         public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
  187.             throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
  188.         }
  190.         public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
  191.                 throws CertificateException {
  192.             throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
  193.         }
  195.         public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
  196.                 throws CertificateException {
  197.             this.chain = chain;
  198.             tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
  199.         }
  200.     }
  202. }

注意

不能将在自己电脑上生成的 jssecacerts 文件拷贝到服务器上去，如果拷贝上去不会起作用，仍然会报错。
服务器必须编译 InstallCert.java，去生成 jssecacerts 文件。

参考文献

  1. 解决PKIX问题：unable to find valid certification path to requested target
  2. Java发邮件-QQ服务器认证（A secure connection is requiered(such as ssl)）

本文转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/frankcheng5143/article/details/52022289

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